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清代士林中,“足迹几遍域中”的爱国志士魏源所提出的“游山学”思想,对中国古代山水文学发展具有深远的意义。故龚自珍曾称赞魏源“读万卷书,行万里路;综一代曲,成一家言”。魏源曾在其《衡岳吟》中对五岳进行生动刻画“:恒山如行,岱山如坐,华山如立,嵩山如卧,惟有南岳如飞。”而在其《游山吟》中曰:“人知游山乐,不知游山学。人生天地间,息息宜通天地籥。特立山之介,空洞山之聪,渟蓄山之奥,流驶山之通。泉能使山静,石能使山雄,云能使山活,树能使山葱。谁超泉石云树外,悟入介奥通明中?游山浅见山肤泽,游山深见山魂魄。与山为一始知山,寤寐形神合为一。蜗争膻慕世间人,请来一共云山夕。”魏源认为“一游胜读十年书”,故对士人游山若要得山之真谛,则需“寻幽不惮遥,山深险亦好”“,奇从险极生,快自艰余获”“;好奇好险信幽癖,此中况趣谁知之。不深不幽不奥旷,苦极斯乐险斯夷”。魏源的这种“游山学”的辩证思想观念,既是建立在其《游山吟》中所曰“我亦造化所铸之一物,本与山川同自出”的思想基础之上,又是对明代“游道”思想观念的继承发展。其不仅超越了对山的审美范畴,而且体现了人生哲理和显示了士人追求人格价值的奋发向上精神。 http://photowoo.com/read/3858219
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